What is meant by Human resource Management (HRM) approach ? What are their needs?

Meaning and Need of Human resource management (HRM) approach.

Meaning- Human resource management may be defined as a set of policies, practices and programs designed to maximize both personal and organizational goals. It is a process by which the people and organizations are bound together in such a way that both of them are able to achieve their objectives. 

Definition- 

According to Filippo, "Human resource management is the planning, organizing, directing and controlling of the procurement, development, compensation, integration, maintenance and reproduction of human resources to the end that individual, organizational and societal objectives are accomplished." 

Need for HRM approach 

Human resource management helps in creating a better understanding between employees and management. It helps workers in accomplishing individual and organisational goals. This approach has been attracting the attention of management professionals in the last decade or so. HRM is considered essential due to the following reasons: 

1. Better Industrial Relations- There is widespread unrest, strained worker-management relations, lack of confidence in each other, rising expectations of workers, emergence of militancy in trade unions etc. These factors have created a gap among workers and managements. Both sides are talking of exploitation by the either side. In the absence of cordiality in an organisation, the performance of workers is adversely affected. 

HRM approach is required to create proper understanding among workers and management. The workers are developed to meet their individual and organisational objectives. The workers are convinced that various managerial actions will help them in accomplishing their motives besides helping the organisation.  

2. Develop Organisational Commitment- There is a humanization of work environment in industrialized countries like Japan, U.S.A., Germany etc. and other countries. Globalization of economy has exposed Indian industries to international competition. An improvement in efficiency and quality of work can come only when workers develop organisational commitment. HRM approach helps in creating a sense of pride for the organisation among the workforce.  

3. Coping with Changing Environment- The business environment is rapidly changing. Technological improvements have revolutionized production procedures. Automation has been introduced in office operations. Better communication channels have revolutionized vital areas of business. There is a need to cope with new and changing situation. The operational efficiency of employees must improve to face the new situation. There is a need for new approach to manpower. 

4. Change in Political Philosophy- Political Philosophy has undergone a change all over the world. The new approach is to develop human resource properly for making its better use. In India, Central Government has named a Ministry as Human Resource Development and put it under the charge of a cabinet minister. This development shows the importance given to human resource. So, there is a need for human approach towards the workforce. 

 5. Increased Pressure on Employees- The technological changes have necessitated the use of sophisticated machines. The installation, monitoring of machines, maintenance and controlling of operations need trained and skillful people. There is a regular need for training and development of people for coping with the emerging situations. Human resource development has become essential for every organisation. Research and fresh initiatives in industry require new policy of human resource development.

Conclusion- 

All these are the causes by which the need of HRM are increasing day by day.